Records

The Enterprise Artificial Intelligence Strategy (EAIS) FY2024 - FY2025 outlines the U.S. Department of State's framework for responsibly and securely harnessing artificial intelligence to advance diplomacy and statecraft. It establishes four core goals: leveraging secure AI infrastructure, fostering an AI-embracing workforce culture, ensuring AI is applied responsibly through robust governance, and actively innovating and scaling successful solutions. The strategy aims to empower diplomats with advanced technical tools while mitigating risks related to security, privacy, and bias.

This discussion document outlines South Africa's proposed national artificial intelligence plan, focusing on adoption by government, industry, and society. Prepared by the Department of Communications and Digital Technologies, it examines global and regional AI landscapes, identifies opportunities and pitfalls, and proposes priority focus areas such as skills development, data architecture, ethics, and regulatory frameworks.

This document provides basic guidance for using public generative artificial intelligence tools safely within the NSW Government. It highlights ethical, privacy, and security risks and outlines clear 'Do' and 'Don't' rules for government personnel. Users are advised to fact-check outputs, protect sensitive data, and adhere to internal agency policies.

This academic paper explores whether existing criminal law tools are sufficient to address criminal liability for the actions of robots and AI without creating new legal constructs. The authors argue against introducing direct criminal liability or fictitious legal personhood for AI itself, concluding instead that traditional criminal law—applied through corporate criminal liability, detailed audit trails, and digital twins—is adequate for prosecuting human or corporate negligence. The study examines robot generations, autonomy, causation, and prevention measures to establish responsibility within current legal frameworks.

This summary report by the Competition and Markets Authority examines the rapid development of AI foundation models and their potential impacts on competition and consumers. It highlights the importance of ensuring vibrant market competition alongside safety, data protection, and intellectual property rights. The report proposes a set of guiding principles and announces a significant engagement program to gather feedback from various stakeholders ahead of an update planned for early 2024.

This academic article examines the ethical and theological implications of creating conscious humanoid robots through the lens of Jewish philosophy and traditional texts like the Golem legend. The author analyzes Talmudic and mystical paradigms to argue that creating synthetic conscious beings in human form is deontologically prohibited. Ultimately, the paper supports calls to ban the development of sentient robots due to insurmountable ethical and epistemological concerns.

This document outlines voluntary commitments made by artificial intelligence companies to manage the risks posed by advanced AI systems. The commitments focus on safety through red-teaming and information sharing, security to protect proprietary model weights and encourage vulnerability reporting, and trust mechanisms like watermarking and public reporting on capabilities and societal risks.

This academic article examines the criminal law implications and liability questions surrounding patient harm caused by robot surgeons during operations. It analyzes the status of robot surgeons under criminal law, discussing scenarios involving autonomous cyber-physical systems and whether developers, manufacturers, or robots themselves should bear responsibility. The text highlights the legal gaps in holding autonomous medical robots accountable and explores ongoing discussions regarding liability and defense mechanisms.

This administrative decision creates the Interministerial Table on Artificial Intelligence within the scope of the Chief of Cabinet of Ministers in Argentina. The body serves as a cross-cutting space to examine the impact of artificial intelligence on socio-economic reality, analyze ethical considerations, and design an integral strategy for the National Executive Branch. It brings together multiple ministries and secretariats alongside the Secretariat for Strategic Affairs to coordinate public policies and develop necessary regulatory frameworks.

This executive order establishes comprehensive state-level guidance for the responsible development, procurement, and deployment of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) across California state government agencies. It mandates the creation of reports, risk analyses on critical infrastructure, procurement guidelines, workforce training programs, and partnerships with academic institutions like UC Berkeley and Stanford University. The order aims to balance the innovative benefits of GenAI with rigorous protections against risks such as bias, discrimination, security vulnerabilities, and impacts on vulnerable communities.

This document presents the addendum to the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan of the Kingdom of Spain, focusing on strategic industrialization under the NextGeneration EU framework. It outlines additional investments and structural reforms aimed at enhancing energy, agri-food, industrial, technological, and digital autonomy through 2026. The plan integrates financial instruments, loans, and transfers to support economic recovery, foster the green and digital transitions, and strengthen long-term fiscal sustainability.

These standard contractual clauses are drafted for public organisations wishing to procure a high-risk AI system developed by an external supplier. Developed as a draft resource by the Procurement of AI Community, they align closely with the requirements of the proposed EU AI Act. The document covers essential supplier obligations including risk management, data governance, technical documentation, record-keeping, transparency, human oversight, accuracy, and cybersecurity.

This voluntary code of conduct sets out measures for organizations developing and managing advanced generative AI systems in Canada. It outlines commitments across accountability, safety, fairness and equity, transparency, human oversight, and validity and robustness. Signatories agree to implement risk management frameworks, conduct impact assessments, and support responsible AI ecosystem development.

Resolution 161/2023 of the Public Information Access Agency (AAIP) in Argentina establishes the 'Transparency and Personal Data Protection Program in the Use of Artificial Intelligence'. The program aims to drive analysis, regulation, and state capacity-building to accompany the development and use of AI in both the public and private sectors. It focuses on transparency, algorithmic transparency, personal data protection, and citizen rights.

This resolution creates the Transparency and Personal Data Protection Program in the Use of Artificial Intelligence within the Public Access to Information Agency (AAIP) of Argentina. The program aims to promote analysis, regulation, and state capacity-building to support the development and use of AI in both the public and private sectors while guaranteeing citizens' rights regarding transparency and data protection. It tasks the National Directorate for the Evaluation of Transparency Policies and the National Directorate for Personal Data Protection with executing and monitoring the program.

This white paper describes the approach of the Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy in Nigeria to craft a comprehensive National AI Strategy by engaging top AI researchers of Nigerian descent globally. It outlines the methodology used to identify global and local AI researchers through publication databases like Lens to harness artificial intelligence for economic growth, job creation, and sustainable development. The initiative aims to foster ethical and inclusive AI innovation while addressing complex socio-technical challenges such as bias, transparency, and privacy.

This conference paper presents two methodologies—EETAS and DEETAS—designed to improve public understanding of the ethical complexities inherent in assistive robots through structured workshops and digital, design-centric tools. The paper discusses initial pilot and usability studies that suggest these processes are effective in engaging end-users and capturing their input for robotic development. Published in August 2023, the research addresses the need to align assistive robot behaviors with societal ethics and end-user values.

This document outlines the University of Guyana's policy on the use of Artificial Intelligence in education, addressing academic integrity, student and lecturer responsibilities, and appropriate use. It establishes guidelines for full disclosure, grading rubrics that account for AI assistance, and support systems to ensure fair and ethical educational experiences. The policy also emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring, infrastructural support, and inclusivity for students with special educational needs.

This academic paper discusses the extent to which autonomous robots can be granted legal personality under United Arab Emirates law and the consistency of this approach with Islamic jurisprudence. It examines current classifications of AI systems as things versus persons, and evaluates legislative solutions such as granting partial legal capacity or treating them similarly to minors or historical legal concepts like slaves. The study concludes that autonomous robots cannot be classified strictly as 'things' due to their self-learning capabilities and independent decision-making, and explores potential legal frameworks for their accountability.

The Personal Information Protection Commission (PIPC) of South Korea announced its first AI-specific policy guidance titled "Policy Direction for Safe Usage of Personal Data in the Age of A.I." The policy outlines a principle-based regulatory approach, specific safeguards across different stages of AI development and deployment, plans for further domain-specific guidelines, and a commitment to international cooperation. It aims to foster safe data usage and minimize privacy risks while supporting AI innovation and growth.

This research paper addresses the trade-off in human-robot interaction where maximizing task rewards can reduce human trust, while prioritizing trust can compromise performance. The authors formulate sequential human-robot interaction as a two-player Markov game and use a potential-based reward-shaping technique to improve human trust with a bounded performance loss. Applied to an experience-based trust model, the framework yields a linear program that is evaluated in a simulated search-and-rescue mission.

This is a proposed constitutional reform bill in Peru aiming to amend Article 139 of the Political Constitution. The bill establishes the use of artificial intelligence for the resolution of judicial cases and routine procedural actions as a fundamental principle of the administration of justice. The explanatory memorandum highlights international and regional precedents of AI in judicial systems, arguing that AI reduces bureaucratic delays and optimizes judicial efficiency while noting that AI responses rely on human programming.

This article explores the ethical considerations and unique risks arising from language-capable robots, specifically focusing on issues of trust and influence, identity, and privacy. The authors argue that the combination of physical embodiment and natural language capabilities creates accentuated risks that differ from traditional robots or software-based language models. Finally, the text provides actionable recommendations for roboticists regarding design, development, and deployment to help mitigate these novel ethical challenges.

This academic article examines the ethical and legal implications of introducing robot police and AI-driven decision-making tools in law enforcement. It discusses algorithmic bias, black-box challenges, and the need for a robust ethical framework, legislation, and public trust to ensure responsible AI usage in public safety. The study reviews international case studies and frameworks to propose countermeasures for equitable and transparent policing.

The Seoul Metropolitan Government announced the Seoul Comprehensive Robotics Industry Development Plan to establish Seoul as a robot-friendly city. The plan spans until 2026 with a budget of ₩202.9 billion across three key areas: establishing a robotics-investment fund, introducing robot services in care and other facilities, and constructing the Suseo Robotics Cluster. It aims to adapt to the city's aging society, support startups, and foster innovative growth in the robotics industry.

This study explores how robot personality traits (specifically extroversion versus introversion) and individual human traits affect trustworthy interaction in a social service robot scenario, namely a 'Robo-Barista'. Through quantitative and qualitative testing, the authors show that participants preferred and trusted an extrovert robot more than an introvert robot, regardless of the user's own personality. Additionally, individual attitudes and predispositions, such as propensity to trust in robots and negative attitudes towards robots, were found to impact trust.

This White House fact sheet outlines voluntary commitments secured from leading artificial intelligence companies to manage the risks posed by advanced AI systems. The commitments focus on three core principles: safety, security, and trust, establishing measures such as internal and external red-teaming, cybersecurity protections, watermarking for AI-generated content, and public reporting on model capabilities and limitations.

The Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services regulate generative AI services provided to the public within the People's Republic of China. The regulation emphasizes adherence to core socialist values, outlines provider responsibilities regarding data quality and security, and establishes safety assessment and content moderation mechanisms. It also encourages domestic innovation in AI algorithms, frameworks, and chips while penalizing illegal generation and dissemination of content.

These interim measures establish regulations for generative artificial intelligence services within mainland China, balancing innovation encouragement with security management. They mandate compliance with laws regarding data security, personal information protection, and intellectual property, while outlining provider responsibilities such as content moderation and algorithmic transparency. The measures apply to public-facing generative AI services and take effect on August 15, 2023.

This academic article investigates the legal and physical concept of birth and death for advanced robotic entities such as smart androids and hybrid biodroids, applying the French legal framework on natural persons. It proposes that an entity's legal birth begins at its first activation, while subsequent software modifications or loss of organic components that disrupt its system of thought constitute the death of a previous version and the birth of a new one. Ultimately, the paper provides recommendations for adapting legal personhood and assessing the viability of autonomous robotic entities.

This document outlines the Artificial Intelligence Strategy for the Court of Justice of the European Union, approved by its Administrative Committee in June 2023. It articulates a vision and goals to improve judicial and administrative efficiency, enhance the quality and consistency of decisions, and increase access to justice and transparency. The strategy establishes foundational principles, details risk mitigation and governance frameworks, and sets out an architectural approach to transition from an experimentation phase to industrialization.

This academic article examines the legal implications of robots and artificial intelligence in the workplace, providing an overview of current legal norms and principles governing employment settings. It analyzes challenges related to AI workplace surveillance, privacy, confidentiality, discrimination, automation liability, and safety mechanisms. Ultimately, the study contributes to understanding the legal framework surrounding workplace AI and offers recommendations for future legal development.

This commentary examines the feasibility, safety, and technological limitations of robot-assisted cervical spine surgery. It highlights that while robotic systems offer high accuracy and preoperative planning benefits, cervical spine surgery remains challenging due to complex anatomy, the need for real-time anatomical tracking, and safety considerations. The author emphasizes that future advancements in real-time visualization and specialized instruments are necessary for robot-assisted cervical procedures to become standard clinical practice.

This academic paper examines how U.S. self-defense law applies to encounters between humans and public ground robots, arguing that current robot navigation methods fail to adequately consider scenarios where a human might perceive a physical threat and act in self-defense. The authors synthesize research in law, human-robot interaction, and robot path planning to show that a human's well-being should be legally prioritized over the preservation of a robot, even resulting in the robot's destruction. Finally, the paper proposes four actionable recommendations for robotics companies, researchers, and standards organizations to mitigate the likelihood of self-defense situations arising.

The World Council of Churches central committee expresses deep concern regarding the accelerating, unregulated development of generative artificial intelligence. The statement calls on governments to urgently establish strong and binding regulatory regimes, legal liability frameworks, and international normative standards. It also invites member churches and ecumenical partners to engage in theological reflection and advocate for ethical AI governance.

This academic article investigates how the physical and behavioral design features of social robots, autonomous vehicles, and smart agents function as communicative "social displays" that establish social accountability for human counterparts. Drawing on communication sociology and Erving Goffman's interaction theory, the author analyzes empirical video data of the healthcare robot Alice to show how appearance, behavior, and language manage human expectations and interaction crises. The concept of social displays is proposed as a theoretical framework to describe how non-trivial machines are socially assigned functional roles and behavioral typologies in everyday life.

This academic paper examines the ethical possibilities and challenges of entrusting nursing tasks to robots and artificial intelligence. It focuses on four core ethical nursing concepts—advocacy, accountability, cooperation, and caring—analyzing whether and how they might be implemented in robotic systems. The authors conclude that while implementing certain technical or safeguarding aspects is feasible, deeper emotional and relational components present significant philosophical and practical hurdles requiring broad societal discussion.

This handbook for journalism educators, published by UNESCO, aims to inspire and empower journalism educators to help students and working journalists report accurately and critically on artificial intelligence. It covers machine intelligence, popular narratives, journalistic roles, and methods for nuanced reporting on AI technologies and their societal impacts. The publication is part of UNESCO's journalism education series and was supported by the International Programme for the Development of Communication.

This document outlines recommendations for the use of Artificial Intelligence within the public sector to protect fundamental rights, prevent risks, and promote human-centric innovation. It provides theoretical and practical guidance for public sector projects involving AI, drawing upon ethical principles such as proportionality, safety, equity, human oversight, transparency, and education. It also emphasizes multidisciplinary teamwork, system traceability, incident response, and the necessity of human alternatives for public services.

This academic article examines people's perspectives on small AI companion robots for older adults, focusing on issues related to conversation and facial expression data collection and sharing. Using survey data from an online cohort of older adults, the study analyzes comfort levels and data sharing preferences with socio-demographic characteristics. The findings indicate that robot-based data collection raises significant concerns regarding over-monitoring, invasion of privacy, and data security, demonstrating the need for policy and legal frameworks to protect users. Published in June 2023, the study highlights how older adults' interests are often unrepresented in AI data protections.

This International Standard specifies safety requirements and verification methods for driverless industrial trucks and their systems, including automated guided vehicles and autonomous mobile robots. It covers significant hazards, hazardous situations, and events during all phases of the life of the truck when used as intended or under reasonably foreseeable misuse. The standard outlines requirements for automatic modes, auxiliary manual modes, maintenance modes, and operating zone preparations.

This article explores the ethical treatment of robots through a Confucian cross-cultural perspective, contrasting the Western notion of robot rights with the concept of robots as rites-bearers. The authors argue that treating robots as rights-bearers encourages an adversarial relationship between humans and machines, whereas viewing them as participants in shared rituals promotes a collaborative team-based approach. The paper concludes that legal and ethical frameworks should assign role obligations to robots rather than granting them individual rights.

This academic paper explores how legal systems and governance must co-evolve alongside advances in robotics, artificial intelligence, and Society 5.0 cyber-physical systems. It contrasts traditional top-down legal enforcement with a decentralized, iterative model where autonomous technology and human society interact dynamically. The paper also examines the changing responsibilities of robotics researchers and developers as they contribute to shaping societal values and regulatory frameworks.

The National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan 2023 Update serves as a roadmap to coordinate federal AI research investments, maintain U.S. leadership in trustworthy AI, and prepare the workforce. It reaffirms eight previous strategies from earlier plans and introduces a ninth strategy focused on establishing a principled and coordinated approach to international collaboration in AI research. The plan prioritizes fundamental research, human-AI collaboration, ethical and societal implications, safety, security, shared resources, standards, workforce needs, public-private partnerships, and international cooperation.

This submission by Robotics Australia Group to the Australian Department of Industry, Science and Resources provides recommendations for the National Robotics Strategy. It outlines Australia's strengths in field robotics, details barriers to commercialisation and adoption, and proposes national targets and actions to build a sovereign robotics and AI industry. Key proposals include establishing a robotics venture factory, investing in shared infrastructure and test beds, updating classification schemes, and reforming procurement and regulatory approaches.

This document outlines the proposed Artificial Intelligence Act by the European Parliament and Council, setting harmonized rules for AI systems across the EU. It establishes a risk-based regulatory framework that prohibits certain manipulative AI practices, sets strict compliance and conformity assessment obligations for high-risk AI systems, and creates governance structures such as the European Artificial Intelligence Office and national supervisory authorities.

This Council of the European Union presidency note reviews artificial intelligence from a law enforcement perspective, highlighting discussions around internal security and the draft AI Act. It details Europol's practical support capabilities, including a new technical sandbox environment for developing and training AI models on operational data. It also examines the impact of Large Language Models and outlines the Accountability Principles for Artificial Intelligence (AP4AI) framework for policing, security, and justice.

Project of Law No. 2338 of 2023, authored by Senator Rodrigo Pacheco, provides the legal framework for the use of artificial intelligence in Brazil. The legislative text establishes general norms, principles, classification of risks, corporate and public governance, and civil liability regarding artificial intelligence systems. Following approval by the Federal Senate Plenary in December 2024, the bill was sent to the Chamber of Deputies for review.

Projeto de Lei nº 2338, de 2023, establishes the legal framework for the development, promotion, and ethical and responsible use of artificial intelligence in Brazil, based on the centrality of the human person. It covers risk categorization, rights of affected individuals, governance measures, enforcement mechanisms, and regulatory sandboxes. The bill originated in the Federal Senate, was approved with amendments, and was subsequently transmitted to the Chamber of Deputies for review.

This report from the U.S. Department of Education addresses the rise of artificial intelligence in education, exploring opportunities and risks while providing recommendations for policy development. It highlights the need to center humans in the loop, promote equity and safety, and guide the integration of AI tools in teaching and learning. The document emphasizes the importance of stakeholder collaboration to harness benefits while mitigating risks such as bias and data privacy concerns.