Records

This academic chapter proposes the EROS (Ethical Robotic Systems) framework to bridge abstract ethical guidelines with practical applications in robotics and artificial intelligence. Based on an empirical study utilizing Grounded Theory and Actor-Network Theory across 29 qualitative items, the research identifies a hybrid multi-level robot actor-network of individual, corporate, collective, and im-material actants. It provides actionable solutions for ethical engineering to help successfully integrate ethics in industrial robotics.

This bill proposes to amend Brazil's national education guidelines and bases law to include artificial intelligence education as a subsequent technical and professional training course for high school graduates. The curriculum would focus on digital literacy, computer science, programming, robotics, and other digital skills to meet labor market demands and boost global competitiveness. Educational systems would have one year to regulate and implement these provisions after the law enters into force.

This bill proposes amendments to the Brazilian Penal Code to introduce sentencing enhancements for psychological violence against women and the unauthorized dissemination of sexual or pornographic material when committed using artificial intelligence or other technological resources. It aims to address the rising incidence of deepfakes and digitally altered images used to harass victims and violate their privacy. The document includes the proposed legislative text and a justification outlining recent incidents involving artificial intelligence misuse.

This bill proposes the establishment of a campaign in Brazil to prevent and combat digital crimes against children, adolescents, and people with disabilities involving artificial intelligence tools, such as the generation of deepfakes and non-consensual sexualized imagery. It outlines awareness and educational measures, encourages partnerships with non-profit entities, details funding sources including the Fundo de Direitos Difusos, and amends existing statutes to mandate preventive cybersecurity programs. The proposal was introduced in the Chamber of Deputies on February 21, 2024.

This academic chapter identifies key ethical, legal, and regulatory issues arising from the use of care robots for the elderly. It highlights ethical concerns such as deception and trust, and discusses governance strategies for balancing innovation and user safety. Ultimately, the text provides guidance for lawmakers and policy developers establishing regulatory frameworks for assistive robotics.

This guidance from the National Cyber Security Centre is designed for managers, board members, and senior executives with non-technical backgrounds to help them understand the risks and benefits of using artificial intelligence tools. It outlines core definitions of AI and machine learning, details specific cyber security risks such as prompt injection and data poisoning, and provides practical questions leaders can ask technical staff to ensure secure AI integration. The document stresses that security must be a core requirement throughout the entire lifecycle of an AI system rather than an afterthought.

This document provides an introductory guide to artificial intelligence assurance for organizations looking to understand key concepts, mechanisms, and the broader governance landscape in the UK. It outlines how assurance techniques such as risk assessments, impact assessments, bias audits, compliance audits, conformity assessments, and formal verification can be combined to build justified trust in AI systems. Additionally, it highlights the roles of various stakeholders within the AI assurance ecosystem, including regulators, standards bodies, and third-party providers, and offers practical steps for organizations to embed assurance into their operations.

This Prime Minister's Order determines the organisational structure of the Rwanda Information Society Authority (RISA). It sets out reporting lines, divisions, and positions within the authority while repealing the previous 2020 order. The document outlines staffing structures for areas such as technology innovation, enterprise architecture, software solutions, and infrastructure operations.

Bill PL 177/2024 proposes the establishment of a nationwide awareness and prevention campaign against cybercrimes committed against children and adolescents using artificial intelligence, specifically targeting deepfake pornography and unauthorized exposure. The campaign aims to educate teachers, family members, students, and society about the ethical consequences of new technologies and the risks of generative AI. It authorizes the Executive Branch to partner with civil society organizations and issue regulations to implement the campaign.

This white paper proposes a definition of agentic AI systems and outlines a set of baseline practices for keeping them safe, accountable, and aligned with user intent throughout their lifecycle. It examines potential benefits, explores technical and operational safeguards such as task evaluation, action-space constraints, default behaviors, legibility, monitoring, attributability, and interruptibility, and discusses broader indirect societal impacts.

The ASEAN Guide on AI Governance and Ethics provides practical guidelines for organisations designing, developing, and deploying traditional AI technologies in commercial, non-military, and dual-use applications across Southeast Asia. It outlines seven core guiding principles—such as transparency, explainability, fairness, safety, and accountability—and establishes a comprehensive AI governance framework covering internal structures, human oversight, and operations management. Additionally, the document offers strategic recommendations for national policymakers and regional bodies to foster AI innovation, workforce upskilling, and cross-border alignment.

This document is a proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down harmonized rules on artificial intelligence, commonly known as the Artificial Intelligence Act. It establishes a comprehensive legal framework for the development, placing on the market, putting into service, and use of AI systems within the Union based on a proportionate risk-based approach. The regulation prohibits certain manipulative and exploitative AI practices, sets mandatory requirements and conformity assessment obligations for high-risk AI systems, introduces transparency obligations for specific AI systems, and establishes governance structures at national and EU levels, including the European AI Office.

This European Commission decision establishes the European Artificial Intelligence Office within the administrative structure of the Directorate-General for Communication Networks, Content and Technology. The Office is tasked with implementing and enforcing upcoming EU artificial intelligence rules, particularly regarding general-purpose AI models, supporting trustworthy AI innovation, and participating in international AI cooperation. It operates in coordination with member states, EU bodies, and relevant stakeholders to monitor AI markets, investigate infringements, and promote best practices.

This academic article examines the debate surrounding the legal personality of robots and artificial intelligence systems. It explores arguments from both proponents and opponents of granting legal status to robots, reviews international and comparative legal positions, and suggests that legislators should establish a clear legal framework to address robot liability and foster technological innovation.

This document is a study protocol for a single-blind, randomised controlled trial evaluating the impact of providing access to the Purrble socially assistive robot among LGBTQ+ youth aged 16 to 25 with self-harm ideation. The trial compares unlimited access to the Purrble robot over a 10-week deployment period against a waitlist control group, measuring outcomes such as emotion regulation difficulties, self-harm frequency, anxiety, and depression symptoms. The study aims to provide robust quantitative evidence on whether socially assistive robots can support in-situ emotion regulation and mental health for vulnerable minority youth.

ISO/IEC TR 5469:2024 is an international technical report that addresses functional safety and artificial intelligence systems. It outlines the properties, risk factors, methods, and processes related to using AI inside safety-related functions, employing non-AI safety functions to ensure the safety of AI-controlled equipment, and using AI to design and develop safety-related functions. Published in January 2024, it spans 73 pages and was developed by technical committee ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 42.

This academic conference paper examines illegal electronic investments under the guise of trading robots within Indonesian criminal law. It analyzes the limitations of the Indonesian Criminal Code and the ITE Law in addressing technology-based investment fraud. The authors discuss mechanisms for victim restitution and the legal status of corporate criminal liability in financial crimes.

This National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) report establishes a comprehensive taxonomy and terminology for adversarial machine learning (AML). It surveys the AML literature to categorize predictive and generative AI attacks, attacker goals and capabilities, and relevant mitigation strategies. The publication is designed to inform future standards and practice guides by providing a common language for assessing and managing AI system security.

This article examines whether existing US product liability rules under the Restatement (Third) of Torts and the European Commission's proposed revised Product Liability Directive provide adequate redress for patients injured by fully autonomous surgical robots. It explores key legal concepts such as product definition, defectiveness, and information disclosure, concluding that both regimes are not entirely inadequate for protecting patient rights. The comparative analysis focuses on navigating the complexities of AI-related medical harm and manufacturer liability.

The 2024 Artificial Intelligence Strategy for Spain sets out a comprehensive framework to accelerate the development, expansion, and responsible use of artificial intelligence across the public and private sectors. Structured around three key pillars, the strategy focuses on reinforcing national infrastructure including supercomputing and sustainable data centers, fostering AI adoption in small and medium-sized enterprises and public administration, and promoting a transparent, humanistic approach to AI governance through the Spanish Agency for the Supervision of Artificial Intelligence (AESIA).

This document by Microsoft outlines the economic potential and strategic impact of artificial intelligence in Austria across various sectors such as healthcare, energy, education, sustainability, and government. It presents case studies of Austrian organizations utilizing Microsoft's cloud and AI platforms. Additionally, it details Microsoft's responsible AI framework and advocates for a multi-layered regulatory blueprint for AI governance based on the technology stack.

This academic paper examines the legal and regulatory framework surrounding the use of artificial intelligence in robotic surgery in Indonesia. It highlights existing legal gaps where AI is treated merely as a tool and only medical professionals bear liability for malpractice. The authors propose establishing explicit legislation regarding AI legal liability and creating a specialized committee of legal, medical, and government experts to examine robotic surgery procedures.

This academic chapter discusses the advances, challenges, and current limitations of robotics and automation, contrasting industrial robots with service robots. It examines the social, legal, and ethical concerns raised by the integration of autonomous and intelligent robots into human society. Finally, it highlights the importance of frameworks for responsible robotics and trustworthy AI to guide future development.

The Canadian Sovereign AI Compute Strategy outlines a $2 billion investment over five years from Budget 2024 to bolster Canada's domestic AI computing infrastructure. It focuses on three core elements: mobilizing private sector investment through the AI Compute Challenge, building public supercomputing infrastructure including the AI Sovereign Compute Infrastructure Program, and establishing an AI Compute Access Fund to lower costs for businesses and researchers.

The Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2024 outlines Spain's comprehensive roadmap to accelerate, facilitate, and promote the development and expansion of artificial intelligence. It focuses on reinforcing key technological levers such as supercomputing and sustainable data storage, creating a public infrastructure of foundational language models in Spanish and co-official languages (ALIA), fostering talent, promoting AI adoption in the public and private sectors, developing a cybersecurity framework, and empowering the Spanish Agency for Artificial Intelligence Supervision (AESIA).

This document outlines Uruguay's national strategy for artificial intelligence for the period 2024 to 2030, building upon its predecessor to guide public policy, ethical adoption, and technological development. It provides a roadmap for integrating AI across various sectors while addressing governance, human capital, infrastructure, and ethical considerations. The strategy seeks to position Uruguay as a regional leader in responsible and sustainable artificial intelligence.

This document presents Uruguay's National Artificial Intelligence Strategy for 2024-2030, developed through a collaborative co-creation process involving public, private, academic, and civil society stakeholders. It establishes core principles, strategic objectives, and action lines across governance, national capacities, and sustainable development to foster ethical and responsible AI. The strategy serves as a working document designed for public consultation to guide national AI policy and implementation.

Uruguay's National Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2024-2030 establishes a comprehensive policy framework to leverage AI for sustainable and inclusive development while mitigating associated risks. Built upon a multistakeholder participatory process, the strategy focuses on strengthening institutional and regulatory governance, building national infrastructure, data, and talent capacities, and driving socio-economic development across public and private sectors.

This paper presents a novel personal data communication policy for home companion robots designed to mitigate the risk of inadvertent personal data exposure during human-robot interactions. The policy dynamically adjusts communication strategies based on the sensitivity level of shared data (low, medium, and high concern). Through an empirical hybrid study conducted online and in-person, the authors evaluate participant preferences and find that the adaptive policy minimizes data exposure and fosters increased trust in the robot's handling of sensitive information.

This edited volume collects academic analyses regarding the challenges that human-robot interactions pose to substantive criminal law, procedural law, and legal narratives. It explores issues such as the legal responsibility of programmers and surgeons, corporate criminal responsibility, evidence generated by autonomous and automated systems, and the rhetorical and narrative frameworks used to understand these technologies.

This bill proposes amendments to Argentina's consumer protection laws to regulate the use of artificial intelligence by providers of goods and services. It establishes strict transparency obligations, mandates the disclosure of AI use in products, advertising, and digital media, and sets out supplier liability for damages resulting from automated decisions. Additionally, the project provides legal definitions for AI and automated decisions and outlines administrative sanctions for non-compliance.

This official report provides recommendations for an artificial intelligence regulation in Uruguay oriented toward ethical development, human rights protection, and technological innovation. It examines various thematic lines including institutional governance, intellectual property, infrastructure, cybersecurity, labor, and civil liability. Furthermore, it incorporates national and international background information to guide public policy and upcoming legislative decisions regarding AI.

The Italian Strategy for Artificial Intelligence 2024-2026 sets forth a comprehensive national roadmap to guide the development, adoption, and governance of AI across research, public administration, enterprises, and training. It aims to support the creation of national AI applications, enhance scientific research, bridge skill gaps, and address regulatory compliance in line with European frameworks. The strategy emphasizes anthropocentric, reliable, and sustainable AI solutions tailored to Italy's distinctive industrial and social ecosystem.

The Italian Strategy for Artificial Intelligence 2024-2026, published by the Agency for Digital Italy (AgID), provides a comprehensive national framework to foster AI development, integration, and governance across research, public administration, enterprises, and education. It emphasizes human-centric, reliable, and sustainable AI solutions aligned with European values, while addressing key risks such as non-action, homogenization, and digital divides. The strategy outlines concrete action areas, infrastructural enablers like a national AI knowledge registry, and a foundational governance model to boost Italy's international competitiveness.

This report evaluates Mexico's readiness for artificial intelligence using UNESCO's Readiness Assessment Methodology (RAM). It provides a diagnostic across legal, sociocultural, scientific/educational, economic, and technical/infrastructure dimensions, highlighting gaps in national strategy and institutional governance. Finally, it offers concrete recommendations for creating a national AI strategy centered on human rights and ethics.

This report provides an updated assessment of the state of artificial intelligence in Mexico, reviewing international trends, national digital development, public policies, and the regulatory ecosystem. It builds upon a 2018 benchmark report to offer strategic recommendations for formulating a National AI Strategy and implementing regulatory sandboxes. The study is supported by the United Kingdom's Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office and coordinated in collaboration with Mexican digital security and law institutions.

This document sets out Spain's preliminary policy on the use of artificial intelligence within the Administration of Justice. It establishes minimum criteria to ensure responsible, legal, and ethical use of AI tools, differentiating between tools that affect jurisdictional activities and those that do not. The policy covers guiding principles, responsibilities, definitions, and specific tables of permitted, restricted, and prohibited use cases.

This bill proposes the creation of the Federal Observatory on Artificial Intelligence (O.F.I.A.) within the Executive Branch of Argentina to provide permanent, updated public information for designing and implementing public policies. The observatory aims to promote good practices, ensure efficient and non-discriminatory AI development respectful of fundamental rights, and foster education on the subject. Its functions include analyzing algorithms and ethical dimensions, conducting research, consulting specialists, evaluating regulatory frameworks, and issuing an annual report.

This bill proposes a comprehensive legal framework for artificial intelligence, robotics, and green algorithms in Argentina, establishing algorithmic transparency, a register of significant risks, and a system of voluntary best-practice certifications for the private sector and mandatory ones for the public sector. It creates an Advisory Council on Artificial Intelligence to act as the enforcement authority and outlines a Federal Program for Artificial Intelligence to promote digital reconversion, sustainable technologies, and public-private cooperation.

The Italian Strategy for Artificial Intelligence 2024-2026 sets a national agenda to foster trustworthy, human-centric, and sustainable AI development in alignment with European frameworks. It focuses on four key pillars: research, public administration, enterprise adoption, and education, supported by foundational infrastructure and a coordinating foundation. The document also addresses risks such as cultural homogenization, the digital divide, and regulatory burdens while promoting Made in Italy industrial applications.

This study presents preliminary results from the ReduSys project, investigating the moral dimensions and user perspectives regarding the use of robotic systems in patient care. Based on qualitative interviews with nursing professionals, healthcare professionals, patients, and family members during the development phase, participants expressed concerns about a potential loss of human empathy, social isolation, and patient anxiety. The study emphasizes that robotic systems should serve as a supportive supplement to nursing staff rather than a replacement.

This academic paper examines the application of social robots in healthcare settings, highlighting their potential to enhance care quality, assist with routine tasks, and support elderly care and rehabilitation. It evaluates the technical capabilities, real-world uses, and advantages of social robots, such as continuous monitoring and improved patient engagement. Additionally, the paper addresses key challenges including emotional recognition limitations, data privacy risks, cultural acceptance, and legal accountability, while proposing technological and regulatory solutions.

The National Guidelines on AI Governance & Ethics (AIGE) provide a comprehensive reference framework for stakeholders in Malaysia, including end-users, policymakers, and industry developers. It establishes seven core AI principles: fairness, reliability, safety and control, privacy and security, inclusiveness, transparency, accountability, and the pursuit of human benefit and happiness. The document supports the implementation of the Malaysian National Artificial Intelligence Roadmap 2021-2025 by fostering public trust, mitigating ethical risks, and aligning national practices with international standards.

This EU-OSHA report analyses the challenges and opportunities posed by artificial intelligence-based worker management (AIWM) systems regarding occupational psychosocial risks. It examines the role of worker participation, industrial democracy, and collective bargaining in identifying, assessing, and mitigating these risks through a literature review and several company and regulatory case studies. The findings highlight that while AIWM can intensify surveillance and stress, worker involvement and supportive regulatory frameworks can help leverage technology for safer work design.

This comparative academic study examines the legal basis of civil liability for damages caused by robots in Iraqi and comparative law. It evaluates the limitations of applying traditional civil liability rules—such as liability for things or vicarious liability—and analyzes modern legislative trends, including the European Parliament's rules on robotics and proposals for a 'human agent' concept or electronic legal personality. The study recommends legislative amendments to Iraq's civil law to address the legal vacuum surrounding artificial intelligence.

This document provides ethical guidelines for educators and school leaders on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and data in teaching and learning. It outlines key ethical considerations such as human agency, fairness, and well-being, while mapping out requirements for trustworthy AI in educational settings. Additionally, it offers practical guidance, reflective questions, and competence frameworks to help educators navigate AI adoption safely and ethically.

This academic article examines how the introduction of artificial intelligence in military operations challenges traditional understandings of military ethics. The authors propose updating traditional virtues such as courage, moderation, and prudence, while introducing the need for skilled storytelling and translation to help military personnel and policymakers understand AI systems. Ultimately, the paper argues that rational fear and proper narratives can serve as a foundation for shared restraint and regulation in an increasingly AI-driven military reality.

This bill proposes amendments to Brazil's Statute of the Child and Adolescent (Law No. 8.069/1990) and the Penal Code (Decree-Law No. 2.848/1940) to criminalize the creation, development, and commercialization of synthetic erotic and pornographic content using artificial intelligence systems with the faces of children, adolescents, or victims without their consent. The initiative aims to combat emerging technological threats, protect vulnerable groups, and safeguard human dignity in digital environments.

This study examines dementia caregivers' perspectives on the ethical dimensions of home-monitoring assistive robots through focus groups and interviews. Key findings cover themes of responsibility and safety, autonomy and informed consent, technology maturity, privacy monitoring dilemmas, and affordability challenges. The research aims to inform the responsible and sustainable implementation of socially assistive technologies in dementia care.

This document outlines the proposed unified strategy of the Brazilian Public Defender's Offices (Defensorias Públicas) for the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies to enhance access to justice and institutional efficiency. It addresses potential social and human impacts, data protection, transparency, algorithmic bias, and human oversight. The initiative opened a public consultation to gather contributions from civil society, experts, researchers, and public servants between December 2023 and June 2024.