Human rights during the mass introduction of artificial intelligence and robotic systems into public life
This academic article analyzes legal approaches to protecting human rights during the mass introduction of artificial intelligence and robotic systems into public life. It focuses on the legal regulation of remote biometric identification and social credit systems across jurisdictions including the UK, USA, EU, and China. The authors examine how different models balance state security needs against civil liberties and privacy rights.
Summary and content fields are drawn from the document text and are pending editorial review.
Who issued it
Who it governs
Researchers, legal scholars, and policymakers studying the intersection of artificial intelligence, robotics, and human rights law.
What the document contains
This article covers international legal approaches and regulatory models regarding the use of AI and robotics for remote biometric identification, facial recognition, and social credit or scoring systems. It details specific legal developments, court rulings, and legislative proposals in the United Kingdom, the United States, the European Union, and China.
The text does not provide a binding regulatory framework, technical standards, or enforceable code of conduct, as it is an academic journal article analyzing existing global approaches rather than issuing new governance rules.
- The mass introduction of AI and robotic systems in public life creates significant risks of violating fundamental human rights such as privacy.
- In the UK, real-time facial recognition by police is subject to legal limits and challenges based on human rights and data protection laws.
- The United States lacks federal legislation governing biometric AI, leading to a patchwork of state and local rules and moratoriums by tech companies.
- The European Union's proposed Artificial Intelligence Act seeks to ban real-time remote biometric identification in public spaces except for strictly defined public interest scenarios.
- China exhibits high centralization and widespread testing of social credit systems and biometric surveillance, raising concerns over total citizen monitoring.
- Democratic legal systems must establish a careful balance between national security interests and the protection of civil liberties and privacy.
· Abstract and Resumen · Introduction · 1. Methods · 2. Results · 3. Discussion: the use of artificial intelligence and robotic systems for the remote biometric identification of a person · 4. The use of artificial intelligence and robotic systems to create social credit systems · Conclusion
How it scores
Each score is backed by a quote verified against the document text. Editorial review has not yet confirmed them.
Accountability
2/5Clear responsibility for AI outcomes
The assessment and classification of the individual’s trustworthiness based on social behavior, known, or predicted personality traits can lead to the discrimination of certain social groups and their exclusion from public life.
4. The use of artificial intelligence and robotic systems to create social credit systems
screening score · 2026-10-23
Fairness
3/5Non-discrimination and equitable treatment
The assessment and classification of the individual’s trustworthiness based on social behavior, known or predicted personality traits can lead to the discrimination of certain social groups and their exclusion from public life
4. The use of artificial intelligence and robotic systems to create social credit systems
screening score · 2026-10-23
Human Dignity
3/5Respect for the inherent worth of persons
At first glance, such traditional constitutional rights as the inviolability of private life, the freedom of speech and expression, the right to information and some other rights fully embrace the emerging relations in the field of information technology.
Introduction
screening score · 2026-10-23
Human Oversight
1/5Humans remain in control of consequential decisions
Public administration in various areas, including law enforcement, uses technologies for collecting personal data of citizens
Introduction
screening score · 2026-10-23
Privacy
3/5Protection of personal data and private life
One of the most sensitive spheres of public life, influenced by the implementation of the aforementioned technologies, has become relations associated with the establishment of legal guarantees for the protection of human rights to privacy in connection with the use of artificial intelligence systems for remote biometric identification.
3. Discussion: the use of artificial intelligence and robotic systems for the remote biometric identification of a person
screening score · 2026-10-23
Transparency
2/5Openness about how AI systems work and are used
Accordingly, system operators should plan their work based on 12 guiding principles, including limiting an exhaustive list of areas and scenarios for their use, transparency, the priority of human rights, and non-discrimination
3. Discussion: the use of artificial intelligence and robotic systems for the remote biometric identification of a person
screening score · 2026-10-23
Enforcement
0/5Consequences and compliance mechanisms with real force
screening score · 2026-10-23
Impact Assessment
2/5Required assessment of an AI system's risks/impacts before or during use
This study analyzes different models of legal regulation that are typical of certain countries and regions, including the UK, USA, China, and the EU.
Abstract
screening score · 2026-10-23